Extrinsic Aging / UV-Induced Aging / Solar Aging
Premature skin aging caused by cumulative ultraviolet radiation exposure — distinct from chronological (intrinsic) aging. Accounts for an estimated 80–90% of visible facial aging. Photoaging causes: fine lines and deep wrinkles (collagen and elastin degradation), uneven pigmentation and sunspots (melanin dysregulation), rough skin texture (corneocyte buildup), leathery or sallow skin, and dilated blood vessels. Unlike intrinsic aging, much of photoaging can be prevented and some of it can be reversed with targeted treatments.
Prevention (daily SPF 50 + antioxidants) is dramatically more effective than reversal. Treatment of existing photoaging: retinoids (most evidence-based), Vitamin C, glycolic acid, and professional procedures (lasers, chemical peels). The earlier sun protection begins, the greater the lifetime benefit.
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